Hematology
is one of the subjects on the lab tech course that I am doing, and I just love
it. Not only because it is fascinating,
but also because I am a vampire lover, and when I realized I was going to have
15 hours a week of talks on blood I thought life could not get better (I’m
kidding!). I secretly hoped I could discover
what exactly nourishes the vampire, and if it could be explained by
science.
So if you
want to take the journey with me…
CRASH COURSE
ON HUMAN BLOOD – for vampire lovers and the scientifically inclined (or both at
the same time) – PART ONE.
Blood is a
very simple substance, and at the same time, terribly complex. It cannot be created (sorry, Ms Harris, True
Blood will never exist, and the Japanese will not be able to invent it), and if
someone needs it, it has to be donated. An
adult person has about 68-77 ml of blood per kilogram of weight. Do the math and see how much blood you have.
Blood is a tissue
made of living cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets), and plasma.
Erythrocytes
are the commonly called red blood cells.
They are red because of the hemoglobin, which is a protein they carry
inside that contains iron and that transports oxygen. Red blood cells live up to 120 days, and we
have around 4,500,000 erythrocytes per ml of blood.
These are my
favorites.
Leukocytes
are the white blood cells (you may know them as they are part of our immune
system). They are the only blood cells
that have nucleus. We have 5,000-11,000
leukocytes per ml of blood. There are 5
types of leukocytes:
Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Limphocytes
Monocytes
It would be
long to describe them all, so let’s say that most of them have a life of hours
or days, except the limphocytes, that can last for years – these are the ones
that keeps us free of diseases because they keep a memory of the agents that
enter our body and how they got rid of them.
That’s why they last for so long.
Platelets
have a life of 10 days. They are the
agents that close up wounds when we get hurt (they stop the hemorrhage) , and we
have 140,000-400,000 platelets per ml.
Plasma is
the liquid fraction of the blood. Of the
total amount of blood, 50-55% is plasma, and the rest are the blood cells. Plasma is composed of:
- 91.5% of
water
- 7% of
proteins (55% albumin, 38% globulins, 7% fibrinogen)
- 1.5% of other
substances such as glucids, lipids, electrolytes and waste products
The fibrinogen
is a protein that helps the blood get clotted.
A blood extracted can get clotted as fast as 3-7 minutes. That’s why labs use anticoagulants when they extract
blood that has to be preserved, be it for lab work or a blood bank.
So, after
all this info, what’s your take? Why
vampires like blood so much and what is exactly the component that nourishes
them?
Here are my
thoughts on the matter:
It cannot be
the plasma – it is mostly water, after all!
Maybe the proteins on it? Albumin… You can get that of eating eggs. Not the fibrinogen. After all, vampires do not lick blood that
has been spilled and it’s clotted. Well,
some do. Eli from “Let the right one in”. But they usually don’t.
The
globulins then? They are proteins with
medium molecular weight…
What about
the cells? Oh, how they love the red
color… Maybe it’s the erythrocytes. The
thing the erythrocytes have the most is the hemoglobin, which is mainly iron
and oxygen. They do not need the oxygen,
as most folklores insist they are dead.
Leukocytes
are not needed either. As dead people,
they do not have diseases or infections.
Platelets
are very, very small. If they needed
them, probably a whole person would not be sufficient per night.
Hold the
thoughts while I am being taught in a few days about blood banks, and we’ll
talk about the honorable vampires that want to live off them…
In the
meantime, here are some pictures of slides of dyed blood I made. I took them with my camera through the lens of the microscope.
|
The orange dots are erythrocytes. The two purple dots are two basophils. |
|
More erythrocytes. To the top right, a neutrophil. To the left, a monocyte. The one that is further down is a lymphocyte. |
|
Erythrocytes and an eosinophil. |
|
A monocyte. The tiny purple dots at the bottom are platelets. |